IPC-A-600
IPC-A-600 is a standard for the manufacturing of printed circuit boards (PCBs), developed by the Association Connecting Electronics Industries (IPC). The specification outlines requirements for PCB fabrication, including materials, design guidelines, quality control, and inspection procedures. It dictates how the PCB should be manufactured, inspected, and tested to ensure it meets the requirements of electronic assemblies.
The IPC-A-600 specification provides guidelines for various types of PCBs, including single-sided, double-sided, and multi-layer boards. It also sets tolerances for dimensions, solder masks, copper thickness, and other parameters.
IPC-A-600 Classes
The IPC classes define different quality and reliability standards for PCB production.
Class 1 - General Electronics
This class is intended for products where the general function of the end product is the primary requirement. While a system failure would be inconvenient, it wouldn't pose a significant risk. Examples include general electronics products like toys and some consumer goods.
Pros/Cons
Lower production costs (+)
Faster turnaround times (+)
Less stringent quality controls (+)
Potentially shorter lifespan (-)
Possibly higher failure rate compared to higher classes (-)
Not suitable for critical applications (-)
Class 2 - Dedicated Service Electronics
This class applies to products where a longer lifespan and sustained performance are required. A system failure here would be problematic and could lead to significant downtime but not to danger. Examples include communication devices and industrial machinery.
Pros/Cons
Good balance between cost and quality (+)
Products have a longer lifespan and are more reliable than Class 1 products (+)
Higher production costs and longer production times compared to Class 1 (-)
Class 3 - High-Reliability Electronics
Products in this class require continuous performance and very high reliability. A failure would not only be expensive but also dangerous, potentially leading to loss of human life. This includes medical devices, military communication, and aerospace electronics.